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Proxy Voting Policy
SEC Filings to Forms 3, 4 and 5

Investment involves risk. The value of investments, and the income from them, can go down as well as up and an investor may get back less than the amount invested. Past performance is not a guide to future results.

International investing entails special risk considerations, including currency fluctuations, lower liquidity, economic and political risks, and differences in accounting methods; these risks are generally heightened for emerging market investments. Fixed income securities are subject to certain risks including, but not limited to: interest rate (changes in interest rates may cause a decline in the market value of an investment), credit (changes in the financial condition of the issuer, borrower, counterparty, or underlying collateral), prepayment (debt issuers may repay or refinance their loans or obligations earlier than anticipated), and extension (principal repayments may not occur as quickly as anticipated, causing the expected maturity of a security to increase).

† Pursuant to valuation policies adopted by the Board of Directors of the Fund, the Fund values foreign equity securities that primarily trade in certain markets that close ahead of the Fund’s daily 4:00 pm Eastern net asset value (“NAV”) calculation time at their fair values using prices provided by third-party independent pricing services. The fair value of each such security generally is calculated by applying a valuation factor provided by the independent pricing service to the last sales price for that security, or, if, the pricing service is unable to provide a fair value for a security, at the price at the close of the exchange on which it is principally traded, subject to adjustment by the Fund’s Pricing Committee. These daily fair valuations seek to reflect information available after the local market close that may affect the value of the foreign equity securities held by the Fund. As a result, this official NAV calculation reflects adjustments that may cause it to vary from a calculation based solely on closing prices. In contrast, the “Unadjusted NAV” of the Fund (shown above) is for informational purposes only and is computed using the closing prices on the relevant exchange. It does not reflect any daily fair valuation adjustments of the Fund’s foreign securities. The Unadjusted NAV does not represent the official NAV of the Fund, nor is the Unadjusted NAV used for Fund accounting or performance purposes. Investors should not rely upon the Unadjusted NAV when making their investment decisions.

Important information

Closed-end funds are traded on the secondary market through one of the stock exchanges. The Fund’s investment return and principal value will fluctuate so that an investor’s shares may be worth more or less than the original cost. Shares of closed-end funds may trade above (a premium) or below (a discount) the net asset value (NAV) of the fund’s portfolio. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Aberdeen Asset Management Inc. has been registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 since August 23, 1995.

In the United States, abrdn is the marketing name for the following affiliated, registered investment advisers: Aberdeen Standard Investments Inc., Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd., abrdn Australia Ltd., Aberdeen Standard Investments (Asia) Ltd., Aberdeen Capital Management, LLC, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs Advisors LLC and Standard Life Investments (Corporate Funds) Ltd.

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